The Amendment Of The Bill Of Rights - 933 Words

The United States Law Enforcement was founded on government documents that contained laws, which were designed to govern our nation. John Adams once said, â€Å"A government of laws, and not of men.† Our government officials cannot commit actions unless they are considered lawful; no one is above the law. This can create conflict with our constitutional amendments, because the law can revoke our civil freedoms. Kathleen Ann Ruane, Legislative Attorney, acknowledges that there are exceptions on the first amendment of the Bill of Rights. Ruane notes that some forms of speech are not protected under this right such as obscenity, child pornography, and threats. We need these laws to keep our nation under control and safe; even if laws can revoke our civil liberties. These restriction need to serve as a moral compass for citizens. Without laws, we would be a nation of chaos and destruction. In order to exercise these necessary laws, law enforcement agencies have been created to en force them. Courts, police, and corrections have been established in order to enforce law. These agencies consist of trained and educated individuals in the criminal justice field. Police officers are required to attend an academy where they learn, â€Å"†¦state laws, criminal investigations, patrol procedures, firearms training, traffic control, defensive driving, self-defense, first aid and computer skills† (Education Portal). These officers are prepared to deal with any dangerous situations in a safe andShow MoreRelatedBill of Rights and Amendments1353 Words   |  6 PagesBill of Rights and Amendments Bill of Rights and Amendments The United States Constitution was recognized to Americans as a vague statement in clarifying the privileges and the rights of individuals and centralizing the power within the government itself. With the passing of the Bill of Rights and the first ten amendments, it grants the people to what is said to be their â€Å"natural rights† following additional rights that have significantly changed our society. Amendments and Constitution Read MoreThe Bill of Rights Amendments984 Words   |  4 Pagesconstitution has an amendment process that has been included in the Bill of Rights. The amendment allows Americans to make changes to the September 17, 1789 United States Constitution, that was ratified and made law (Zink 450).. The amendment process has made it possible for the constitution to change moderately, than being overhauled, and it has been changed to adhere to the current times and changes. The Second Amendment to the US constitution is part of the Bill of Rights that guarantees all AmericanRead MoreThe Amendment Of The Bill Of Rights1185 Words   |  5 PagesAn important provision of the Bill of Rights is the protection of freedom to publish, as provided by the First Amendment. This protection applies to all kinds of publications, even those that print unpopular opinions. In most censorship cases, every attempt is made to suppress the written word after publication, not before. M innesota passed a law in 1925 that sought to prevent newspapers, magazines, and other publications from printing obscene, malicious, scandalous and defamatory material. ThisRead MoreThe Bill Of Rights : The Amendment Rights2558 Words   |  11 PagesIn 1791, the Bill of Rights was created to specify the individual rights of every human being. Madison James is the creator of the 10 Amendments, he believed it was necessary to create the document to further explain what the Constitution will provide for each person. The Bill of Rights gives every citizen the right to freedom of religion, freedom of speech, as well as the freedom of the press, and lastly the due process rights. This document was formed when the Constitution in 1789 was draftedRead MoreThe Bill Of Rights : The Amendment Rights2558 Words   |  11 PagesIn 1791, the Bill of Rights was created to specify the individual rights of every human being. Madison James is the creator of the 10 Amendments, he believed it was necessary to create the document to further explain what the Constitution will provide for each person. The Bill of Rights gives every citizen the right to freedom of religion, freedom of speech, as well as the freedom of the press, and lastly the due process rights. This document was formed when the Constitution in 1789 was draftedRead MoreThe Bill Of Rights : The Amendment Rights2572 Words   |  11 Pages1 . Introduction In 1791, the Bill of Rights was created to specify the individual rights of every human being. Madison James is the creator of the 10 Amendments, he believed it was necessary to create the document to further explain what the Constitution will provide for each person. The Bill of Rights gives every citizen the right to freedom of religion, freedom of speech, as well as the freedom of the press, and lastly the due process rights. This document was formed when the Constitution inRead MoreThe Fifth Amendment and The Bill of Rights654 Words   |  3 Pagesarea at the time of the murder, he or she has the right to remain silent in order to protect him or herself from self-incrimination, a clause in the Fifth Amendment. The Fifth Amendment upholds the rights of United States citizens against government prosecution. Introduced to the Bill of Rights in 1789, the Fifth Amendment is a noteworthy amendment both during the past and in today’s world. The Fifth Amendment, along with the rest of the Bill of Rights, was proposed by James Madison, providing a wayRead MoreThe Bill Of Rights And The Amendment Of The Constitution962 Words   |  4 Pagesincluded the Bill of rights that provided us with Freedom (Schweikart, 2004). The bill of rights was established so each citizen is equally treated and allowed to share their idea and not be disgraced for it (Bodenhamer, 1993). The first ten amendments to the constitution of the United States established basic American civil liberties (Schweikart, 2004). The Bill of rights and the amendments of the constitution were written about the same time by the same people. The Bill of Rights and amendments both focusedRead MoreThe Role Of The Amendments And The Bill Of Rights1242 Words   |  5 PagesUnited Kingdom. The Constitution and the Amendments are the basis for the criminal system in this country and the procedures for the courts and the law enforcement community. In this essay, the rol e of the amendments and the Bill of Rights will be examined as they relate to the court system and the criminal justice system as a whole. One of the significant amendments in criminal policy is the Fourth Amendment. The documents notable components are; the right to be free from unreasonable searches andRead MoreUs Bill of Rights First Amendment1740 Words   |  7 PagesMary Cathleen ThomasUnited States GovernmentGovt-2305-54245Jinnell Killingsworth | U.S. Bill of Rights | â€Å"Amendment I† | | | 2/19/2011 | | â€Å"The First Amendment† In the beginning, our founding fathers where working on drafting a formal Constitution for our newly formed country. The representatives for some of the newly formed states, worried about the current draft of the Constitution. Many of the states and there representatives, had concerns about the wording of the current

The Ideals Behind Cognitive Dissonance Allowed - 2415 Words

MATERNAL CATACLYSM 2 When determining a course of action regarding the topic of my choosing for this paper, the ideals behind cognitive dissonance allowed for me to put to paper for the very first time, a topic that I believe fulfills the requirements of the assignment, and one that bears great presence in my life. As some may have gathered throughout our tenure in this course, I am mother to my nine beautiful children. Though I despise the formalities attached to assignment of titles, attention must be paid toward the fact that I have two stepsons, Dominick Zachary – ages seven and six. I have always harbored an oppositional stance toward the idea of referring to them, or parenting them in a fashion as though they are†¦show more content†¦How is one to surmise the entire circumference of a conflict that has entertained more theaters of battle than most of World War II, and witnessed behaviors so utterly absent of maternal instinct into one paper? It hardly seems possible. MATERNAL CATACLYSM 3 My children s biological mother is a wearer of many hats. Perhaps her most famously noted hat, is the one she wears while perpetuating herself to be a devout and devoted follower of the Mormon religion. I have never in my life actually bore witness to a person trying to play the part of the scripture toting, bible thumping do-gooder, as I have since this woman has bestowed her duplicitous presence in my life. She tries to play it so hard, and so well for all of the right characters. The lion s share of those characters remain existential in the form of lawyers and law guardians, judges and the court of public opinion. To her credit though, she was in fact raised within the thralls of her religion, by her foster parents from the age of seven. Though we do not subscribe to the teachings her religion (as we are Roman Catholic), I have ascertained a great understanding as to the teachings perpetuated by her religion. It is through that understanding, that I have drawn upon the striking conclusion that her character, her

Marilynne Robinson’s Housekeeping Free Essays

In Housekeeping (1980), Marilyn Robinson provides a sense of women and the space and the domestic constraints of society. The story crosses several generations of women and their lives in a single house in a town named Fingerbone. Ruthie is the main protagonist. We will write a custom essay sample on Marilynne Robinson’s Housekeeping or any similar topic only for you Order Now She is a young woman who grew up in a household of women, beginning with her grandmother, then her great aunts, her aunt, and her only sister. But the house in which they were all trapped in one way or another was built by and for a man. He was a child of the plains who longed for the mountains, and the site of the house was his dream, not theirs. The isolation of the house physically paralleled the emotional isolation of all the characters. Indeed, the tone of the narration by Ruthie is emotionally flat. Despite the level of tragedy which is continually visited on the family, the language and the flavor of the conversation is highly unemotional and detached. From the perspective of showing an important characteristic of the narrator, her lack of emotion in general, it is rather a boring effect for the reader. It keeps the protagonist distanced from the very audience which should be sympathetic to her. The story is a simple downward progression. Ruthie and her sister Louise came to live in the house after first her grandfather died in a train wreck which pitched the train into a local lake, then her mother committed suicide after dropping the girls off with their grandmother. No reason for this action is given, nor do the characters seem to particularly care. Five years later, their grandmother, who had little emotional connection with the girls also died, leaving her two older sisters-in-law in charge. They equally had no idea what to do with young girls. The first intrusion on the blandness of life was the return of Sylvie, Ruthie’s mother’s sister who was itinerant and mysterious. Certainly the aunts did not approve of her. But she was a convenience, for when she came the aunts were free to go home and leave matters entirely in her hands. Sylvie is the first person in the novel to show any emotion, and she does show love toward the girls. Sylvie is the breath of fresh air in an otherwise stagnant world. But it quickly becomes apparent that she will probably not stay forever. Lucille is a child who is likely to stay put, but Ruthie responds to Sylvie’s suppressed wanderlust. At last they have a source of information about their mother, about the larger world. Sylvie was the opposite of the oppressive atmosphere of the town and the house. Both closed in on a person, making them small. But Sylvie had broken away before, and neither the town nor the house had any real power over her. When spring came shortly after Sylvie’s arrival, the town flooded, again cutting the three of them off from other human company and stranding them in the house. With this development, the girls find that they are becoming dependent on Sylvie and for the first time learn that they have something to fear in being separated from her by the state. As always, there is a sense of loss, of the fear of abandonment. The reaction by the local townspeople to the women revealed much of the character of the family and of themselves. Robinson describes them as standoffish, knowing hardly anyone in town. They were self sufficient to themselves, and the house was a symbol of this. It was built alone on a hill so that it did not suffer as the rest of the town did in times of flood. The townspeople came and made sure they were all right and then left to put the town back in order unaided by Ruthie, Sylvie and Lucille. The primary social contact for the girls was the school they attended. But even there, they were isolated. Because of some unpleasantness for Lucille in which she was accused of cheating, both girls played hookey for an extended period of time. It was while they were hiding out that they saw Sylvie try to walk across the narrow, dangerous railroad bridge that spanned the lake. This was the same bridge where the train derailment which killed their grandfather occurred. As a result, both girls were very fearful of the loss they faced if something happened to her. It is at this point that housekeeping comes into the plot. Sylvie talked a lot about it and even did some. But she was very eccentric about the meals she prepared and the cleaning that she did. Lucille was not content with Sylvie, but Ruthie was for Ruthie was a kindred spirit. Lucille began to turn her attention to the town and the more conventional life it held out. By summer, it was clear that Lucille’s loyalties lay elsewhere. But for the summer they both stayed out of the house most of the time and hid in the woods. Lucille increasingly found things to dislike about Sylvie, especially her housekeeping which was erratic. She offended Lucille’s sense of propriety. By implication, Ruthie lacked one for she and Sylvie seemed to be similar in tastes and goals, or rather lack of goals. Essentially, Sylvie was a transient in the settled world, and Lucille was one who would voluntarily stay put. With time, the girls began to separate, and there arose an us versus them mentality, with us being Ruthie and Sylvie. Lucille invented a mother who was a meticulous housekeeper and a traditional mother. Ruthie had no such illusions, nor did she care. With time, the house under Sylvie’s management became increasingly more disheveled, and full of papers and other rubbish. Ruthie adapted and was comfortable with it, as was Sylvie, but Lucille moved out to pursue a more normal life. The climactic series of events which ended up tearing the family apart truly was Ruthie’s joining Sylvie in an overnight jaunt which started with a stolen rowboat for a chance to look at the train submerged in the lake holding her grandfather’s remains and the eventual ride back into town on a freight train. That set the ladies of the town to trying to see that Ruthie did not herself succumb to being a transient. Under the threat of having the state take Ruthie from Sylvie, both decided to flee together. They first tried to burn down the house, but it did not burn. They escaped by walking at night across the railroad bridge, and were subsequently presumed dead. For the rest of their lives they wandered from place to place, rootless. Ruthie took up the life that Sylvie led, and both drifted around, never seeing Lucille again. There is a great sense of loss and sadness in this book. There is little in the way of close human connection, sympathy, or love. Overall, it is both ghostly and depressing. However, its strength is in the perceptive description of people and places. Robinson is especially vivid with the sense of place, whether of the house or the place in Seattle where the girls lived with their mother before coming to Fingerbone. Her descriptions of people were clear portraits that told as much of their character as their appearance. What the book lacked emotionally was made up in the artistry of the language. How to cite Marilynne Robinson’s Housekeeping, Essay examples

Labour Relation free essay sample

He is aware that launching a full organizing campaign is an expensive proposition for the union, in time as well as resources, and his personal reputation as a successful organizer is at stake. That being said, the union needs additional members as their overall membership has decreased in recent years. The decrease in membership has meant a decrease in union dues and a resultant loss of manpower and resources in the union offices. All of the full time personnel in the union are spread very thin so, if the union proceeds with the organization drive, they have to be successful. The vast majority of the employees in the company are women who have been in Canada for less than five years. Question #1 What major events in Canada’s labour relations history got Phil to the point in which he could lawfully organize a union, have it certified, and negotiate a collective agreement with the company? Answer: The major events in labour history are the division between craft and industrial unions, the influcen of the US-based AFL, and 1944 change in legal environment with the passage of legislation supporting collective bargaining. One of the first international unions to operate in Canada was the Knights of Labour. The union organized members in Canada in the 1880s. The Knights organized unskilled labour as well as those belonging to particular trades and crafts. The union was also successful at organizing on a plant basis. In Canada, the Knights had given some workers their first opportunity to belong to a union. Being said, this event marked an important step so people could affiliate to a union. The Knights were very popular in Quebec and eventually combined with craft unions to establish the Trades and Labour Congress. As a result of international unions operating in Canada, information about the law in the United States was followed closely. The Committee for Industrial Organizing was very active in Canada for unions based in the United States. In 1937, the Trades and Labour Congress prepared a draft statute for provinces to adopt, taking a great many ideas from the Wagner Act. All provinces, except Ontario and Prince Edward Island, then passed laws based on the draft statute, which confirmed that collective bargaining was legal. This legislation made it illegal for an employer to interfere with the rights of an employee or to refuse to bargain with a union that represented the majority of the workforce. Later, Ontario passed a law that went further in establishing a Labour Court to deal with issues of union selection. As a result of the Snider case in 1925, in times of national emergency the responsibility for the civil rights of employers and employees reverted to the federal government. During the Second World War, the federal government passed laws regulating industries associated with the war effort, in fact covering most industries. The laws were consolidated into the Wartime Labour Relations Regulations (1944), which were also known as PC1003. PC1003 tried to achieve a balance between the competing rights of employees, both individually and collectively, and the rights of employers. Therefore, unions were not allowed to interfere in employers organizations or to use tactics to force union membership. Unions could only carry out union activity at a workplace during working hours with the agreement of an employer and could not cause any restrictions on production such as slow downs. Employers were not allowed to interfere in union affairs or to discriminate against workers who took part in union activities. Certain employees were not included in the law, for example, those who could hire and fire, and those working in agriculture. Perhaps most importantly a comprehensive system of collective bargaining was established. In conclusion, with all those major events in the history of labour relations, benefit the future allowing any individual to create a union, certified and negotiate a collective agreement with the employer. Question #2 hat strategies can Phil use to increase his chance of success in organizing an union within this company? Answer: Phil has to create an organizing committee of the best activists that can meet weekly or to coordinate the work, help each other with issues that come up, and build solidarity. Phil must fully understand all the standard arguments employers use to intimidate their workers and defeat the union and they must develop effect ive tactics to respond to any attack. Phil must radiate competence. He must be able to give clear, sincere and convincing answers to workers, many of them skeptical about unions. He must be able to handle all sorts of difficult situations. Whatever the challenges, he must not lose his composure and temper. One of the most important strategies is to involve as many of the workers as possible in the actual organizing activities. They must make the workers feel that it is their union and they will play a major role in all decisions. For Phil to be successful in organizing a union within this company he has to ensure that he is fully prepared in indentifying and resolving any obstacles the Employer will throw in his way. Employers, most of the time, use both illegal and legal deterrents with their employees to prevent the formation of a union. If an employer decides to use legal means such as forming a employee representative (a joint committee) or matching rates of pay that a union may offer; it is Phil’s opportunity to show and convince the employees with facts that in the long term this will only benefit the employer as that committee will belong to the Company and not them. Phil should also ensure that the women who are relatively new to Canada are well informed of the benefits that having a union would bring to their work life. Educating himself on the Companys demographic, i. e. the age of the working population within the company is a very important factor and one which in its self almost guarantees his success. Younger workers are often harder to convince as they do not have the years of experience working and knowledge that a older worker will have. It will be Phil’s job to ensure that they are aware of the benefits that the union will bring for example, improving the conditions of the workplace and providing a median ground between them and the employer and an alternative that may make the difference between getting fired and keeping their job. In essence for Phil to be successful he has to be very knowledgeable of the Company he is entering and ensure that the employees are well informed of what the union has to offer them; not only in the short term but long term also. Question #3 what barriers will Phil face in his attempt to attract these workers to the union, and what arguments will he use to try to convince them to join? Answer: There are four significant matters that pertain to this case. One of them is the fact that this firm employs mostly women. This could potentially be a barrier for Phil if he does not properly address the different needs that women have in comparison to men. Women in the workplace have different priorities such as equal pay and work-life balance. Traditionally, men were given higher paying jobs than women in order for them to support their family. Today, this is no longer the case as women now contribute to the household or are the single income earner for their household. Despite this fact, women in Canada earn wages 28% lower than men. It is believed to be the result of women working in women dominated jobs such as child care or secretarial jobs which have historically always paid lower wages. It is also the result of women taking time off work to care for their family (excluding maternity leave) and less unionization amongst women. This should be particularly concerning for the women workings in this firm because it is likely that the garment industry is a female dominated industry affected by the pay gap that many other women face. The second concern that women have is work-life balance. This term refers to prioritizing work and personal time, including family. It is common for women to care for the household and children both in a single parent and two-parent households. Hockey practice, dance lessons, school plays and other children’s extra- curricular activities and school related activities can be demanding on parents especially when they still have to work and take care of the home. In order for Phil to overcome this barrier he should convince the women that as a result of joining the union, the union will advocate for flextime, which would allow them to complete the hours required by their job, but also to complete any other personal obligations outside of work such as picking up their children from school. In addition, the union could advocate for a child-care program within the workplace. Finally, the fact that the women in this industry are likely to be a victim of the gender wage gap is an excellent way for Phil to convince the women to join the union. Unions fight for increased wages and the women may view joining the union as a way to overcome this unfortunate reality. Another consideration for Phil is that the majority of women working in the garment firm have been in the country for less than five years. This may be especially challenging for Phil if hey come from a region of the world where workers have fewer rights and unions are not common. The foreign workers in this Canadian workplace may feel that the Employment Standards Act provides them with more protection than what they had while living in their home country and that unionization would be unnecessary. For example, an American immigrant working in Canada is already better off than they were when working in the United S tates. In the U. S. , workers are not entitled to paid maternity leave, have a lower minimum wage, and less job security than their Northern neighbors. Therefore, American workers in Canada may feel that they are already fortunate with the opportunity to have a paid maternity/paternity leave, increased minimum wage, and more secure jobs Foreign workers who come from less fortunate parts of the world, would likely feel even more privileged than an American who lives a lifestyle comparable to that of a Canadian. The majority of immigrants in Canada come from the Middle East region of the world. Women there have significantly less rights and workers in general are not treated in the same manner as those in Canada. The International Labour Organization website reports that in the Middle East and Arab States, worker safety and pay is of particular concern at the moment. For those workers coming to Canada, the increase health and safety regulations and wages that enable them to live above the poverty line are significant advancements in terms of their working conditions. So much so, that they may not even consider a union to be necessary in their workplace. To combat this, Phil can use the workers greed. He can demonstrate to them what the Canadian standards for working are and how they can benefit even more by joining the union. According to Thomas Hobbes, an English philosopher, everyone is selfish and will complete evil acts to better themselves. If we consider this philosophy to be true, then the foreign workers, even though better off, will know that they can still better themselves and will choose to join the union in order to do so. The third barrier that might weaken Phil’s chances to attract these workers to the union is the fact that the union has limited resources in time and money. It’s essential to have guidance by a resourceful union representative who has with them the influence and resources of a powerful organization. The organizer must be capable of matching the organizational strength against the employer, who usually has the advantage of greater economic resources. Phil’s greatest asset in recruitment is his fifteen years of experience within the union. He can explain to the employees how he joined the union and became an active member, including his experience in the union and its achievements. Empathy is a powerful influencing technique. Phil can talk to potential recruits more than once and get them to talk to their colleagues. Employees are more likely to be recruited by colleagues they already know and trust. By recruiting a few influential employees, Phil can get most of the workers on board without having to launch a full size expensive campaign. The fourth barrier that can weaken Phil’s chances to recruiting new members can be that the company has preventative measures put in place. The company’s wages and benefits may be comparable to the union’s rates within the garment industry. The union representative can overcome preventative measures by educating the work force on their rights as employees. The company might not educate their employees on the right for collective bargaining or correct grievance procedure. The union will have to convince the majority of workers that the introduction of a union will better their lives by giving them better working conditions, rights, wages and benefits. The employer might not protect the employees. Employers will only provide the basic rights required by law whereas unions will give the workers the basics and beyond. Unions are essential in protecting workers rights. Workers cannot negotiate individually. Unions will provide employees with the collective power that cannot be obtained individually. If workers didn’t think their workplace was safe, the only way to guarantee that the employer provided a safe work place is by having the workers unite under a collective bargaining agreement. Phil will have to hold information sessions explaining these sometimes un-discussed issues. Question #4 What specific argument would the company try to use to convince employees not to join? The specific arguments that the company would try to use to convince employees not to join are: oAre you sure a union will be able to represent your personal needs? They represent a group majority. Unions cannot promise raises or increased benefits; this is negotiated by the company and the union representing you. oA Union can prevent some flexibility for the company In that we will not be able to negotiate individual terms for employment. oHave you thought of how your seniority will impact you directly in regard to things like work shortages, promotions, and cross training or job movement? Are you aware of and do you support the political and social activities the perspective union is involved in? oHave you considered what services you will receive in return for union dues paid? Do you know how much the union dues are? Other strategies and actions employers can take to hopefully avoid unions during and prior to a campaign: Working within the confines of fair labour practices the emp loyer will be able to do a number of things to fully educate their employees about unions while putting measures in place to protect the workers and protect their company rights. They must do this in a manner that remains neutral and in no way comes across as intimidating, threatening or appears as though they are coercing employees to not unionize. Secondly, they must also ensure they do not make promises or add/increase benefits due to the defeat of the union . Proper education provided by an employer can affect how well employees really understand the impact of unionizing. Hopefully it will help to make employees understand the pros and cons to them of unionizing while providing a clearer picture of what changes may occur. During a union campaign sometimes the facts can get distorted (only the positives are mentioned) and ensuring your employees receive the best information is your first line of defense. Educating them on such things such as the voting process, all about union dues, collective bargaining, and impact on them if a strike should occur (the pay) are good examples of what needs to be communicated. Imagine your employees who don’t want a union not showing up to vote because they don’t support it. If they knew how the process worked and how votes are calculated they could have impacted the final result. All employees need to be aware that they must be present for the vote no matter what their decision (with the exception of provincial legislation allowing certification based on majority of cards signed). During the education process it is very important that both perspectives get stated to ensure that employees truly know what they are signing up for. Another example would be explaining the certification process and how difficult it is to remove the union should they decide they don’t want to be represented. It is very difficult to reverse and may be a point that an employee has never considered. These types of information can be distributed in handouts, posted on company bulletin boards or in person provided they keep the message to the facts and follow fair labour practices. Protection of the worker and employer rights is somewhat limited but can be accomplished. Dont allow union organizers to harass your employees. Your workers need to know that it is against the law for the union and it organizers to bully, threaten, intimidate or coerce employee to join the union and such cases can be dealt with by the company. The employer can and should prohibit entry into their workplace by non-employees and limit entry to employees on shift. They can also establish rules that prevent solicitation of union membership during working hours. Make your employees aware that they have a right not to speak to union organizers or attend their meetings and they have no obligation to provide personal information about themselves or anyone else to anyone acting on behalf of the union. By enforcing these few things it will force all union activities to occur on the union/union supporters/ employees own time and help ensure work time is used to explain/educate both sides of unionizing. Another legal strategy is reinforcing your â€Å"open door policy† while assuring the employees that the company will always provide correct facts. Explain that management will always be willing to discuss any subject frankly with employees and should they choose to be represented by someone outside the company (the union) that is their right. Remember in this case a majority of the employees are women who have immigrated to Canada less than 5 years ago. In their past they might not have been represented fairly in groups. The point should be made â€Å"will the union be looking out for their specific needs†? Or is dealing directly and or even independently with the company going to serve them better? The employer also has a legal right to respond to union claims provided they do so using fair labour practices. Statements such as we have always respected your opinions and have always been willing to work with you on an individual basis to achieve â€Å"win- win† situations has been our preference but we are willing to accept your desire to be represented by an outside group†. Ensuring you are not discriminating against the union but allowing employees to see they are adding a middle man. It should also be said that the employer should also provide training for management and supervisors to ensure they are prepared to answer questions properly and avoid claims of unfair labour practices. This will prepare them to reply to any untrue or misleading statements made by the union in a correct and legal manner. Sometimes employees are not aware of all of the benefits that their employer provides and so it would be in their best interest to point out the positives. This can be done by describing the good features of working for the company; all the benefits, job security, and company policies. In some cases preparing information on your current wage status if competitive with the surroundings may be advantageous as well. Depending on the circumstances you could also explain how unionizing may impact current practices (company policies). For example: how the promotion policy may change; from promoting by experience and merit to a seniority based system. Last but not least the employer has the right to carry on with normal working conditions and practices prior to the statutory freeze and during it.

Alexander Pope and the Scientific Revolution Essay Example

Alexander Pope and the Scientific Revolution Essay In the seventeenth century many scientists and philosophers strayed away from the church’s way of thinking and began to seek out their own explanations of the world around them. Scientists questioned, even opposed theories the church had been teaching for centuries. Alexander Pope, a philosophical poet, wrote a very controversial poem that changed a lot of people’s views on God’s divine role in human kind, as well as inspired people to think for themselves. What made Pope’s ideas so unique? How did Pope incorporate the belief of God with the new scientific discoveries of his time? Exploring these questions gives a better understanding of the conflict between science and religion in the seventeenth century, and insight on a man who believed everyone should accept the world as they find it. The scientific revolution was a time of dramatic change. People began asking questions of the world around them, and instead of looking to the church for answers as they had for many years, started coming up with their own theories. Alexander Pope was very interested in the scientific discoveries of his time, particularly those of Sir Isaac Newton, and tried to incorporate them into his faith. This was dangerous however, because the Church opposed all of the new ideas being brought forth, as they felt it was challenging their beliefs. Pope’s main intent was not to oppose the Church; instead, he sought to build a bridge between religion and the new scientific discoveries as a way to glorify God. By writing â€Å"An Essay on Man†, Pope wished to present a God that was different from those in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. We will write a custom essay sample on Alexander Pope and the Scientific Revolution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Alexander Pope and the Scientific Revolution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Alexander Pope and the Scientific Revolution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The faith that he presents in his poem is similar in that it is monotheistic; however, the new ideas he offers on humanity’s role in the universe was incomparable to any other religion at the time. This was just one of many examples of the critical thinking that was beginning to be used in the scientific revolution, and encouraged others to seek out their own explanations of the world around them. For centuries it had been common belief that the earth was the center of the universe and humans were God’s greatest creation; therefore, new discoveries in nature and the universe generally contradicted the Church’s teachings and beliefs. In Pope’s poem â€Å"An Essay on Man†, he explains God’s relationship to the world in a Newtonian way. Pope tried to use the new scientific discoveries in nature and the universe as a way to glorify God, showing that He was everywhere and a part of everything. The poem states that no matter how complex or evil the world seems to humans, it follows the natural order of God, and therefore should be accepted. Pope believes that the ignorance of people to the world around them inhibits their relationship with God. It was this kind of thinking outside of the norm that was present among many philosophers during the scientific revolution. The most important aspect of the scientific revolution is people began to ask questions of the world around them, and sought the answers for themselves. Instead of looking to the church for answers, they began to observe, examine and explore for themselves. Alexander Pope was one of many , who instead of accepting the Church’s beliefs, interpreted the universe and God’s place in it all in his own perspective and encouraged others to do the same.

Health Benefits of decriminalizing Marijuana Essays

Health Benefits of decriminalizing Marijuana Essays Health Benefits of decriminalizing Marijuana Essay Health Benefits of decriminalizing Marijuana Essay The thought of legalizing marijuana has elicited a raging debate with supporters of the move pointing out the benefits whereas the opponents citing the disadvantages of taking such an initiative. In the United States, individuals are generally opposed to the legalization of marijuana save for its medicinal use. According to a poll conducted jointly by the Associated Press and CNBC, 55% of the population is opposed to decriminalization of marijuana whereas only 33% of the population is for the legalization of the drug (Risling, para 5). In the poll, it was found that majority of those in support of legalization of marijuana belonged to an age group of below 30 years. The poll also revealed that the states in the Western region were most likely to approve medicinal use of the drug whereas women, Republicans, and rural folks were likely to argue against legalization of marijuana (Risling, para 5). Health Benefits of decriminalizing Marijuana: Those in support of legalization of marijuana points out that alcohol and cigarettes are legal substances yet marijuana is criminalized. Marijuana has been used for medicinal purposes from the historical past. Historians claim that cannabis has been used by mankind as an antiseptic and a drug in traditional societies. Other medical uses of marijuana emerged in the Middle East, Africa and Eastern Europe (Solomon, p 12). During the 19th century, marijuana became accepted for medicinal purposes by the medical practitioners within the western societies especially after the Napoleon army returned from Egypt. Previously, cannabis was restricted to treating burns. The Napoleonic army was interested in the drug’s ability to relieve pain and its sedative effects. In the United States, medicinal interest of marijuana developed during the 1860s when the Panel on Cannabis indica of the Ohio State Medical Society revealed the healing capabilities of the drug (Roth, para 5). Marijuana has been confirmed to be having medicinal benefits as it is associated with treating glaucoma, offering relief to chemotherapy patients, and treating psychological problems like the social and anxiety disorders. Marijuana is also known to relieve stress that comes from physical and emotional distress. Proponents of legalization of marijuana have also argued that though marijuana is associated with some harmful effects, other legalized drugs including tobacco and alcohol are even more harmful as research indicates that nicotine is highly addictive compared to marijuana. Also, there are more deaths associated with tobacco smoking and alcohol than from use of marijuana (Martine, para 1). Health Risks of Decriminalizing Marijuana: Opponents of legalization of marijuana argue that the drug has been associated with many health risks both mental and physical. It is said that marijuana smoke contains carcinogenic hydrocarbons which could lead to the development of cancer. Marijuana is said to cause ‘dysregulated growth’ of the epithelial cellular lining of the lungs which may be the starting point for the development of cancer. Since marijuana is a mind-altering drug, it leads to hallucinations and an impaired cognition. The long term use of the drug may lead to irreversible impacts on the brain and its functioning. There have been revelations that intensive use of the drug may lead to mental disorders such as anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and suicidal tendencies (Martine, para 6). Decriminalization of marijuana for whatever reason whether it is medical or any other may lead to ease in accessing the drug for the wrong reasons. Legalizing the use of marijuana will amount to abandoning the already positive steps that have been achieved in the fight against drugs. The fight against drug use is facilitated through a well balanced model of deterrence, enforcement, and management of the drugs. Illegal drugs are so due to their harmful nature thus there is no need to decriminalize such substances as an afterthought. Marijuana smoking has not been scientifically approved as medicinal. The version of marijuana that has some scientific approval for its medicinal value is the ‘marinol’ (Boire, p 12). This therefore holds no ground for the legalization of marijuana in its whole meaning. In any case that the use of marijuana will be legalized; there is a high chance that high levels of use and addiction will be recorded (Solomon, p 25). Conclusion: There is no doubt that legalization of marijuana is a contestable issue with each side championing for its course. However, a keen look at the scenario indicates that the benefits of decriminalizing marijuana are of little significance when compared to the associated risks. The fact that tobacco and alcohol are legal despite their health risks should not be advanced in looking for the legalization of marijuana. Tobacco and other legal drugs are harmful to human health but that should not mean that we should introduce other harmful drugs in the market. Already we are feeling the toll of drinking and tobacco smoking in our society and adding marijuana to the equation would not help. Though the medicinal implications of marijuana can not be wished away, research should concentrate on other alternatives other than focusing on marijuana. Legalizing marijuana would bring a situation where it will be difficult to control its use as the drug will be readily available to abusers. Work Cited: Boire, R. Glen. Marijuana law. 1996. Oakland, CA: Ronin Pub. Martine, Michael. â€Å"Devil Weed† – To Legalize or Not. Retrieved on 12th May 2010 from; http://sirmons. wordpress. com/2010/04/20/devil-weed-to-legalize-or-not/. Risling, Greg. Most in U. S. against legalizing pot, poll shows: But more are accepting of medical marijuana, AP-CNBC survey says. 2010. Retrieved on 12th May 2010 from; msnbc. msn. com/id/36650347/ns/health-more_health_news/. Roth, Rebecca. Medical Marijuana. Retrieved on 12th May 2010 from; http://serendip. brynmawr. edu/exchange/node/1901 Solomon, Snyder. Legalization: A Debate. The Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Drugs. 1988. Series 2. Chelsea House Publishers. New York.

Research methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Research methodology - Essay Example The use of technology has also been implemented in the social workers education and has impacted the overall working and education performance of the social workers. The use of computers, management systems, databases and internet has made it possible for the social workers to identify and research on the problems associated to people that need to be addressed to higher authorities and be resolved as soon as possible. The introduction of digital libraries and internet databases including projects of different researchers has helped in improving the knowledge and researching abilities of students. Moreover, technology has made it possible for the social workers to conduct researches in the limited time and resources available. Information soft-wares have helped them reducing the costs of researches and saved their time. In addition, the use of internet and technology has made it possible to access important information in a matter of seconds. However, researchers indicate that educati onal institutes lack technological studies as a part of their curriculum and the IT infrastructure creates problems for the qualified social workers when they enter in to the practical life. This paper further elaborates the situation. How can technology impact the efficiency of social work? How well has technology been integrated in social work education? What are the problems associated with the IT infrastructure for social work purposes? MIS: Management information system is a set of programs used to manage the internal controls of an organization. MIS is used for decision making for the operations of any organization like deciding on a cost/price etc. (Carrilio, 2005). User-friendly system: A computer system designed to help people who are not aware of the technicalities of the computer system. These are normally designed to facilitate people using computers at work and home but are not computer specialists. Distance Education: The use of

Value at Risk framework and its utility in Risk Management Assignment

Value at Risk framework and its utility in Risk Management - Assignment Example filed bankruptcy due to failure on their part to manage risk during the financial disaster that occurred in 1990s. If there is not proper management or poor supervision, then billions of dollars may be lost when a financial disaster occurs. VaR is a technique of evaluating risk that employs standard statistical methodologies employed on regular levels in other technical fields. VaR reviews the worst financial loss over a target perspective that will not be surpassed with a given intensity of confidence. Footed on strong scientific groundwork, VaR offers its users with an outline evaluation of risk in market. â€Å"For example, a financial institution might inform that its VaR of its trading assortment on a daily basis is $10 million at the 98% buoyancy or â€Å"confidence level†. This mean, there is only 1 opportunity in a 100, under typical market scenario, for a financial loss higher than $50 million to happen. This single number recapitulates the bank’s vulnerabilit y not only to the prospect of an unfavourable move but also to market risk.† It evaluates the risk employing the analogues' units as the bank’s bottom-line dollars. ... As a result, it is truly a futuristic risk evaluation. VaR is applicable to all financial instruments though in the initial stage, it has been applied only to derivatives. (Jorion 2007: ix) 2- Background Every morning, in J.P Morgan Chase, the global head of Market risk receives a bulk report that summaries the value at risk (VaR) of the bank. JPMorgan Chase's bank’s global risk management system is generating this report during every night. Today, many brokerage firms, many banks, investment funds and even nonfinancial companies employ analogues methods to estimate their financial risk. Securities market regulators, private sector groups and banks have widely acknowledged statistical based risk management strategies like VaR. (Jorion2007:18). Till Guldimann can be said to be the father of the concept VaR while he functioned as the head of global research at J.P Morgan in the late 1980s. J P Morgan’s risk management group had to decide whether fully hedged meant making investment in long-maturity bonds, thus creating a fixed and stable revenues but oscillations in market value or investing in cash thus making the market value as fixed. The J P Morgan bank concluded that â€Å"value risks â€Å"were more significant than â€Å"earning risks† resulting from the invention of VaR. (Jorion2007:18). During that period, there were more concerns in the bank about managing the risk of derivatives. The Group of Thirty (G-30) which had a delegate from J P Morgan offered a way for deliberating best risk management techniques. Through the G-30 report which was published in July 1993, the term VaR term found its way. (Jorion2007:18). On June 26, 1974, the German authorities closed a troubled midsized bank namely

Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.-Jurist and his particular relevance in the Essay

Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.-Jurist and his particular relevance in the world of Jurispudence - Essay Example His biggest achievement associated with justices was the elimination of the legal and official reasoning, which were actually supported by the philosophy of natural law and natural right (Watson). Historical Context Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. originally came from Boston and was a student of Harvard College. During his academic life, he participated in the Civil War of 1857, which had a great impact on his life and perceptions of the law and ultimately leaded him to join the Massachusetts Bar in 1867 after graduating from the Harvard Law School. He served in the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts till 1902, after which he joined the Theodore Roosevelt Supreme Court, where he remained held the position for about twenty-nine years. In addition to being associated with the judicatory, he was also a successful and renowned writer. Wendell and Jurisprudence Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. had the following basic visions and outlooks about the Jurisprudence (Watson): He convinced people tha t Law is basically sustained by the experience rather than logic as experience makes its life longer whereas logic at times is left behind. Apparently, he was the supporter of judicial control when the conventional judicial advocacy was targeted and condemned by the system of liberal activities. He induced the thought of realism in to the Court by introducing the concept of forecasting. He compelled people and lawyers to see law from other dimensions, that is, of the dreadful man and how he was convinced to break the law. He also proposed his arguments pertaining to positivism as opposed to ethical language in law. Wendell has also made significant contributions to the Pragmatic Approach of Jurisprudence, which was actually founded by him as he was the member of Harvard related club initiated by John Dewey. He was a person who used to keep a close eye on the consequences and results of a potential idea. He used to analyze things with exceptionally experiencing outlook as far as law and jurisprudence were concerned. He thoughtfully expressed this idea in his book The Common Law. He had a great emphasis over the external factors in the matters of court rather than the internal ones. Through his writings and expressions he demonstrated a strange dimension of philosophy of law, especially in the area of jurisprudence. He wanted to liberate the law from the restraints to the way of formality and automatic frame of deductive thinking. To do this, he applied the mechanical, experimental, experiencing and consequential approaches also known as ‘pragmatic maxim’ to the principles of law (Watson). Wendell had a distinctive thinking about law and jurisprudence. Previously he had a close relationship with the natural law and natural rights, which encouraged him to maintain a close eye on the consequences of law and jurisprudence. He considered that values and morals did not have a strong relationship with the proceedings of court. The right and wrong aspects attached to the cases presented in courts are not based upon the purposeful standards, which makes their significance very low. The law differentiates between the good and bad or the culprit and the innocent on the basis of prevailing norms of the society, which in reality do not have any affiliation with the constitution. The realistic approaches of Wendell denied the existence of constitutionalism. By the end of the Civil War, pragmatism had already founded its way into law and jurisprudence superseding the concept of natural law and n

The role of an Operations Manager

The role of an Operations Manager Operation management is the business function that plans, organizes, coordinates, and controls the resources needed to produce a companys goods and services. Operations management is a management function. It involves managing people, equipment, technology, information, and many other resources. Operation management is the central core function of every company. This is true whether the company is large or small, provides a physical good or service, is for profit or not for profit. Every company has an operations management function. Actually all the other organizational functions are there primarily to support the operations function. Without operations, there would be no goods or services to sell. The marketing function provides the needed capital. It is the operations function, however, that plans and coordinates all the resources needed to design, produce, and deliver the merchandise to the various retail locations. Without operations, there would be no good or services to sell t o customers. The role of operations management is to transform a companys inputs into the finished goods or services. Inputs include human resources, facilities and processes, as well as materials, technology, information. Outputs are the goods and services a company produces. LOreal is one of the leading cosmetics companies in the world. It has already been operating a Citrix terminal server farm for several years. However, by early 2004, the tried and tested manual installation practiced by the administrators had reached its limits, leading to instability in the system. LOreal was able to fully automate the installation of its terminal servers and thus considerably increase the stability and its IT infrastructure. LOreal beauty products with the range of cosmetics stylings products for men and women. LOreal has developed activities in the field of cosmetics, concentrating on hair colour, skin care, sun protection, makeup, perfumes and hair care. LOreal is active in the dermatological and pharmaceutical fields. Role of the Operations Managers Some people (especially those professionally involved in operations management!) argue that operations management involves everything an organisation does. In this sense, every manager is an operations manager, since all managers are responsible for contributing to the activities required to create and deliver an organisations goods or services. However, others argue that this definition is too wide, and that the operations function is about producing the right amount of a good or service, at the right time, of the right quality and at the right cost to meet customer requirements. Operations managers are responsible for managing activities that are part of the production of goods and services. Their direct responsibilities include managing both the operations process, embracing design, planning, control, performance improvement, and operations strategy. Their indirect responsibilities include interacting with those managers in other functional areas within the organisation whose roles have an impact on operations. Such areas include marketing, finance, accounting, personnel and engineering. Operations managers responsibilities include: Human resource management the people employed by an organisation either work directly to create a good or service or provide support to those who do. People and the way they are managed are a key resource of all organisations. Asset management an organisations buildings, facilities, equipment and stock are directly involved in or support the operations function. Cost management most of the costs of producing goods or services are directly related to the costs of acquiring resources, transforming them or delivering them to customers. For many organisations in the private sector, driving down costs through efficient operations management gives them a critical competitive edge. For organisations in the not-for-profit sector, the ability to manage costs is no less important. Decision making is a central role of all operations managers. Decisions need to be made in: designing the operations system managing the operations system improving the operations system. The five main kinds of decision in each of these relate to: the processes by which goods and services are produced the quality of goods or services the quantity of goods or services (the capacity of operations) the stock of materials (inventory) needed to produce goods or services the management of human resources. Operational strategy The operational side of marketing refers to the day by day tactics of how to manage things like advertising, pricing, and so on. It is just the same with operations. Operations strategy looks at the long-term issues of how to manage the resources which produce products and services. The more operational subject of operations management looks at the more detailed and shop floor issues of designing, planning and controlling, and improving the resources which produce products and services. Operations strategy is concerned with the specific decisions which shape and develop the long-term direction of the operation. Think of content as the building blocks of an operations strategy. The process of operations strategy refers to the procedures which are used to formulate operations strategies. It is the way we go about the activity of devising strategy. Think of operations strategy content as what the LOreal is deciding to do and process as how the LOreal has made that decision. The market requirements perspective starts from the commonsense notion that any operations strategy should reflect what the LOreal is trying to do in its markets. Companies compete in different ways, some may compete primarily on cost, others on the excellence of their products or services, others on high levels of customer service, others on customising their products and services to individual customer needs, and so on. The operations function therefore must respond to this by providing the capabilities which allow it perform in an appropriate manner to satisfy the requirements of its market. In some ways this is a translation task because the techniques and language used by marketing managers to understand the requirements of markets are different to the language and techniques used by operations managers to manage their productive resources. LOreals goals and objectives LOreal USA is the leading beauty company in America, which develops and manufactures haircare, haircolor, skincare, color cosmetics and fragrances. Our distribution network of salons, mass market, specialty and department stores makes us the most comprehensive beauty company in the U.S. We offer exciting positions, flexible development paths and outstanding rewards that will give your career a whole new look. The LOreal Sales Education Coordinator (LSEC) is an employee of Salon Centric, a wholly owned subsidiary distributor of LOreal USA. Salon Centric is a leading and rapidly growing national wholesale distributor of professional products to the salon and beauty industry. This position will be responsible for the development, management and execution of all education strategy and efforts within the assigned territory for the LOreal brands. RESPONSIBILITIES: Coordinate and participate in monthly sales meetings. Coordinate and facilitate regional quarterly trainings and certifications. Development, presentation and management of Elite salons education plans. Facilitate trainings for new sales consultants and participate in training boot camp. Must work in alliance with the respective Prestige Account Manager in the achievement of the regions goals and objectives. Teach a minimum of 12 classes per month, facilitate hands on workshops and coordinate cluster classes. Presentation of LOreal world tour, academy programs and strictly business programs. Shadow and mentoring of new LOreal Sales Education Coordinators and LOreal Artistic Educators. Open new color conversions and retail doors for Serie Expert, Texture Expert, Homme product lines Responsible for the delivery of strategic education classes, events and programs. Coordinate communication flow between key partners including LOreal Professionnel, SalonCentric and the customer. Provide support for salon specific events promotions. CONCLUSION In a nutshell, LOreal is one of the leading cosmetics companies in the world. They are very innovative and invest a lot of money in research and development. Products are positioned in high-priced segment because of their quality. They offer well coordinated products for different target groups. To keep their strength alive they have to observe their competitors. It is a very flexible development paths and outstanding rewards that will give your career a whole new look. LOreal will benefit from the end of destocking, easier comparison base and increased innovation.For next year, a return to 4% growth would require to keep a high single digit growth momentum in the Rest of the World and to return to low single digit growth in developed market, which we feel is a realistic assumption. However, most of it will be offset by a negative forex impact based on current rates.

Are calculators as effective as they were intended to be? :: Technology Education Mathematics Essays

Are calculators as effective as they were intended to be? I can remember when I was in elementary school, we were never allowed to use calculators. I always seemed to excel in math, so I never really found it necessary to use one, usually. It was when I got into junior high when I first found myself looking for a calculator to help me do my math homework. I was taking pre-algebra, and I was struggling with learning the concepts. I just could not seem to get all the steps in the right order ever. My dad, who is a math genius in my opinion, showed me how to use a sophisticated calculator that would help me check my answers. He would not let me do my homework with it, but he allowed me to check it with his calculator. The teachers always made us show all of the steps, and if we used calculators the steps would be missing on the paper. So, I found it very helpful to use a calculator to check my answers. But I also thought that the calculators were somewhat confusing and complicated. I always felt like I was doing so much work to get to an answer than if I did it on my own on paper. I felt that it was easier to do the steps on the paper, than to remember all the buttons that I would have to push on the calculator. This is when I started wondering if calculators were as effective and efficient as they were intended. I think that the way I was taught in elementary school really effected the way I thought in junior high. I always assumed that it was "bad" to use a calculator for math problems, because that is the message that the teachers in elementary school sent to all the students. By them not allowing us to use us them and experiment with them, I feel that we were "turned off" by them really. This may have been caused by the lack of experience the teachers actually had. Also, they had been doing math for so long and they never used calculators. They did not see the need for the use of them.